Explanation I Ringkasan Materi

Explanation
An explanation is a piece of writing that gives straightforward information. It explains the process related to the formation of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena, e.g. how volcano eruption occurs, or how we get chocolate from.

Communicative purpose
To explain the processes involved in the formation or the working of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena

Example of Explanation Texts
Reports on natural phenomena, articles on scientific inventions, documentary films

Text Organization

General Statement presents the subject that is going to be explained.

Explanation supports the following paragraphs. The explanation statements are illustrated in sequence.

Chocolate

          Chocolate starts with a tree called the cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially in places such as South America, Africa and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. Inside the fruit are the tree seeds also known as cacao beans.

         The beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun and then shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker stars by roasting the beans to bring out the flavor, so they are often sorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted beans are winnowed. Winnowing removes the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. it’s tastes bitter. All seeds contain some amount of fat, ad cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which is why the ground nibs from liquid. it’s pure bitter chocolate.

 

1.      The text is about . . . .

a.       the cacao tree

b.      the cacao beans

c.       the raw chocolate

d.      the making of chocolate

e.       the flavor of chocolate

Jawaban: D

Pembahasan: Teks di atas menjelaskan tentang pemuatan cokelat. Pilihan jawaban yang benar adalah (D).

 

2.      The second paragraph focuses on . . . .

a.       the process of producing chocolate

b.      how to produce the cocoa flavor

c.       where chocolate comes from

d.      the chocolate liquor

e.       the cacao fruit

Jawaban: A

Pembahasan: Pargraf ke-2 dalam teks di atas menjelaskan tentang proses bagaimana cokelat dihasilkan Pilihan jawaban yang benar adalah (A).

 

3.      “…, so they are often sorted and blended to produce ….” (Paragraph 2)

a.       arranged

b.      combined

c.       separated

d.      distributed

e.       organize

Jawaban: A

Pembahasan: Kata “sorted” memiliki makna diatur. Kata yang memiliki makna yang sama adalah “arranged”. Pilihan jawaban yang benar adalah (A)

 

4.      How does the chocolate make start to make chocolate?

a.       By fermenting the beans

b.      By roasting the beans

c.       By blending the beans

d.      By Sorting the beans

e.       By Drying the beans

Jawaban: A

Pembahasan: Dalam kaliman pertama paragraph ke-2 disebutkan bahwa pertama kali biji cokelat difermentasikan, setelah itu dikeringkan. Pilihan jawaban yang benar adalah (A).

 

SOAL LATIHAN :

Tsunami

the term "tsunami" comes from the japanese which means harbor ("tsu") and wave ("nami"). A tsunami is a series of waves generated when water in a lake or the sea is rapidly displaced on a massive scale.

A tsunami can be generated when the sea floor abruptly deforms and vertically displaces the overflying water.  Such large vertical movements of the earth’s crust can occur at palte boundaries.

Subduction of earthquakes is particularly effective in generating tsunamis, and occur where denser oceanic plates slip under continental plates. As the displaced water mass moves under the influence of gravity to regain its equilibrium, it radiates across the ocean like ripples on a pond.

Tsunami always  brings great damage. Most of the damage is caused by the huge mass of water behind the initial wave front, as the height of the sea keeps rising fast and floods powerfully into the coastal area.

1.      What is the text about?

a.       A damage caused by displaced earth on the massive scale
b.      A vertical movement that causes earth crust
c.       A subduction of earth movement
d.      An information about what tsunami is
e.       An oceanic plates slipped under continental plates
 
2.      All statements below are true, EXCEPT . . . .
a.       Tsunami is a series of waves generated from a huge displaced of water
b.      Subduction may cause tsunami when it occurs under platonic plates
c.       The displaced water mass moves under the influence of gravity
d.      The water mass forms an ocean like ripples on the pond that creates tsunami
e.       The greatest damage caused by tsunami is on the coastal area.
 
3.      What is the synonym of the word ‘occur’?
a.       Form
b.      Place
c.       Happen
d.      Come

e.       Cause